Chain-wrench



(No Model.)

A. G. WHITTIER. 01111111 WRENGH.

I No. 464,167. Patented Dec. 1, 1891.

- UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ABEL C. XVHITTIER, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

CHAlN-WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 464,167, dated December1, 1891.

- Application filed June 3, 1891- Serial No. 395,009. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.

Be it known that I, ABEL O. HITTIER, of Boston, county of Suffolk, andState of Hassachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Chainrenches, ofwhich the following description, in connection with the accompanyingdrawings, is a specification, likeletters on the drawings representinglike parts.

This invention relates to wrenches of that class known as chain or tongwrenches,

and has for its object to provide an eificient,

simple, and cheap wrench of the class referred to.

In accordance with my invention the chain portion of the wrench,preferably composed of a series of substantially oblong or elongatedlinks welded or otherwise joined together, after the manner of anordinary chain-that is, a plane longitudinally through one link issubstantially at a right angle to a plane longitudinally through a linkconnected to the first link-is secured to the back or under side of ahead provided with hold-.

passed longitudinally between the said hold ing-lugs the next adjacentlink behind the lugs bears against the said lugs and causes the chain togrip the pipe or other cylindrical object to be turned. The headreferred to has loosely pivoted to its front end a shoe orbearing-surface provided with a preferably smooth concave face orsurface to bear upon the pipe. The head has secured to it a handle,preferably cast integral with it, and for the best results the saidhandle is in a line with the chain, so that in operation the strain uponthe parts is in practically the same line or direction.

The particular features of my invention will be pointed out in theclaims at the end of this specification.

Figure 1 represents a chain-wrench embodying my invention in operativeposition upon a pipe, the handle of the wrench being broken off. Fig. 2is a longitudinal'section, on an enlarged scale, of the wrench and pipeshown in Fig. 1; Fig. 3, a top or plan View of the head of the wrenchand its attached shoe,

the chain being omitted; and Fig. 4:,amodification to be referred to.

A represents one form of head of my improved wrench, which may be madeof steel or other suitable metal, and which preferably has castintegral'with it a handle A. The head A,'as represented in Figs. 1 and3, is provided with an enlarged opening or passage a, within which arelocated lugs or ears a, secured to or forming part of the opposite wallsor sides of the head, prefer ably at or near the back or under side ofthe said head, the said lugs or earsbeing separated by a space orpassage a and constituting chain-holding portions of the wrench, for apurpose as will be described.-

The head A, near its forward end, as herein shown, has extended from itsrear side lugs or projections 19, throughlwhich is inserted a pin 12,serving to secure the chain to the head. The chain is preferablycomposedof longitudinal links 11 and transverse links 19 a longitudinallink embracing the pin or stud b between the projections or lugs 12. Thehead A of the wrench is also provided at its front end, as shown, withlugs or ears 12 to which is secured, by a pin b a bearing-shoe if,having a shank or projection 12 extended between the ears or lugs b thepin I) being extended through substantially the longitudt nal center ofthe shoe and of the head of the wrench. The bearing-shoe b is for thebest results provided with a smooth concave face, as herein shown,to'fit a pipe 0 or other cylindrical object to be operated upon by theof the bearing-shoe b is shaped to conform to the rounded or circularshape of the said lugs, so as to rest or bear firmly against the lugswhen the wrench is being operated. The pin b is extended loosely throughthe shank or projection b of the bearing-shoe and merely acts to attachthe said shoe to the head of the wrench. In operation the chain ispassed about the pipe, so as to encircle the same, and with the wrenchof the construction shown in Figs. 1 and 3 the loose. end of the chainis and firmly holds and locks the chain in psi-- tion upon the pipe, sothat when the handle is moved. in the direction indicated by arrow 20,Fig. 2, the pipe is firmly gripped between the chain and thebearing-shoe and is turned. The handle A of the wrench is insubstantially the same line with the chain, so that when the wrench isbeing operated the strains exerted upon the wrench are practically inone and the same line.

I may prefer to provide the head'A of the wrench with two side walls,forming the open ing a; but I do not desire to limit my invention inthis respect, as it is evident that one of the said side walls may beomitted or slot ted, substantially as shown in Fig 4:. When the head ofthe wrench is provided with one side Wall, as shown in Fig. 4, I preferto offset the handle A from the wall or portion of the head to-which itis secured-,f so that the said handle will come substantially in linewith the chain. In practice I prefer to cast the head and its lugs orcars together with the handle in one piece. I prefer to employ twoholding-lugs, as herein shown; but it may be found desirable to utilizea portion of the head as a holding lug or portion, and by the termholding portions employed in" the claims I mean to embrace suchconstruction.

. I claim 1,. In a chain-wrench, the combination, with a head providedwith holding-lugs a and with substantially circular lugs or ears b atits front end, of a bearing-shoe circularly shaped on its rear side toconform to the shape of the lugs or ears b and provided witha shank bextended between the lugs or ears I), and a chain secured to the headand adapted to engage the holding-lugs, substantially as described.

2. In a chain-wrench, the combination, with a head provided withholding-lugs a integral therewith andwith substantially circular lugs orcars 17 at its front end integral with the said head, of abearing-shoe17*, provided with a shank b extended between the lugs or ears 5 andhaving its rear side circularly shaped to conform to the shape of thelugs or' ears 6 and provided on its front with a smooth concave'bearingface, and a chain secured to the head and adapted to engage the saidholding-lugs, substantially as described.

3. In a chain-wrench, the combination, with a head provided at its backor under side with lugs or ears I? integral with said head and at itsfront end with rounded or circular bearing-lugs b and having at the rearof the bearing-lugs holding lugs or portions; a, of a chain having oneend secured to the lugs 11 and its free end adapted to engage theholding portions or lugs, and a bearing surface or shoe provided with ashank 5 extended between the lugs b and" secured thereto, the saidbearing-shoe having its rear sidecircularly shaped to conform totheshape of the lugs 5 substantially asd'escribed.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribin g witnesses.

v ABEL (J. WHITTIER. Witnesses:

J AS. H CHURCHILL,

L. A. WASHBURNE.

